The IEC 61000-4-2:2025 standard introduces significant updates compared to the 2008 version, aiming to enhance test consistency and rigor while adapting to advancements in new technologies. Below, we share the key differences in electrostatic discharge generator calibration, test setup, applicable equipment types, and test specifications and evaluation.
Overview of Core Differences
| Differences Categories |
IEC61000-4-2:2025
(New Version) |
IEC61000-4-2:2018 (Old Version) | Key Change Point |
|
Calibration of Discharge Current Waveform |
Introduces a new parameter for the second peak current (Ip2), defined as the maximum current within the 10ns to 40ns time frame after the current first reaches 10% of Ip1. Calibration requirements for air discharge electrodes are also added. | Specifies parameters for rise time, first peak current (Ip1), and current values at 30ns and 60ns. | Imposes stricter constraints on the current waveform, reducing result variations from different ESD guns and enhancing test repeatability. |
|
Test Setup |
The required distance between the discharge return cable and other conductive parts is now < 0.1 meters. It explicitly states that the connection impedance to the Reference Ground Plane (RGP) should be low (e.g., ≤ 0.1 Ω). Precise dimensional and placement requirements are added for components like the Vertical Coupling Plane (VCP). | Previous requirement: Distance between the discharge return cable and other conductive parts was < 0.2 meters. | The test setup specifications are more precise and stringent, minimizing result fluctuations caused by configuration differences. |
|
Test Requirements for Specific Equipment |
Introduces normative test requirements for wall-mounted equipment and wearable devices. For example, for wearables worn on the waist, additional testing using a generator with a 200pF storage capacitor and 50Ω discharge resistor is recommended to simulate more realistic, severe conditions. | Previous focus: Primarily on table-top and floor-standing equipment. | The standard now covers a more comprehensive range of equipment types, adapting to technological trends and making testing more targeted and representative for relevant products. |
|
Test Specification & Performance Evaluation |
Discharge Points: In principle, all accessible parts should be tested. It clearly states that contact discharge is required on connector insulating housings without covers. Performance Criteria: Criterion D (irreversible damage) has been removed, as it inherently signifies failure. Criterion C (requiring operator intervention) is explicitly stated as generally not applicable for ESD assessment. Equipment is expected to meet Criterion A (normal performance) or B (self-recoverable degradation). |
Discharge Points: Applied to points accessible during normal use.
Performance Criteria: Included all four grades: A, B, C, and D. |
The selection of test points is more rigorous, and performance pass/fail criteria are clearer, guiding designs toward higher reliability goals. |
The core updates in IEC 61000-4-2:2025 focus on improving the consistency and reliability of electrostatic discharge immunity testing through more precise calibration, stricter test setups, and clearer performance evaluation. For industries with rapidly evolving products, such as IT/AV, lighting, energy storage, and inverters, as well as companies with high demands for quality and reliability, the following recommendations are provided:
- Proactive Evaluation: Although product standards (such as those for information technology equipment and household appliances) typically have a transition period of several years before fully adopting the new foundational standard, it is advisable to begin design and preliminary testing of new products in accordance with the new standard as early as possible to gain a competitive edge in quality.
- Focus on Specific Products: If your product includes wall-mounted installations or falls under the wearable device category, pay special attention to the additional test requirements outlined in the new Appendices I and J.
- Maintain Communication with Testing Laboratories: Before the full implementation of the new standard, proactively engage with your partnered testing laboratories to understand their readiness and interpretation of the updated standard, ensuring alignment in testing plans.
Post time: Oct-29-2025
